UNIT 9. CITIES OF THE FUTURE. LESSON 2. LANGUAGE
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UNIT 9: CITIES OF THE FUTURE
LESSON 2: LANGUAGE
WRAM-UP
Objectives
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Objectives
*By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: - Use words and phrases related to city life in the future - Pronunciation: Intonation: Question tags - Grammar: Question tags; Conditional sentences type 0 - Do the task in the text book
VOCABULARY
1. Write the words or phrases given in the box next to their meanings.
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1. Write the words or phrases given in the box next to their meanings.
a person that lives in a particular place
the basic system necessary for a country or organisation to run smoothly
(of a natural resource or source of energy) that is never used up
relating to towns or cities
fit to live in
able to be used without harming the environment
(of a place) filled with too many people or things
the general well - being of individuals and societies
renewable urban quality of life infrastructure overcrowded sustainable liveable inhabitant
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7.
8.
Write the words or phrases given in the box next to their meanings
Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. ||inhabitant|| – a person that live in a particular place. 2. ||infrastructure|| – the basic system necessary for a country or organization to run smoothly 3. ||renewable|| – (of a natural resource of source of energy) that is never used up. 4. ||urban|| – relating to towns or cities 5. ||liveable|| – fit to live in 6. ||sustainable|| – able to be used without harming the environment 7. ||overcrowded|| – (of a place) filled with too many people or things 8. ||quality of life|| – the general well-being of individuals and societies
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Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. dân cư - một người sống ở một nơi cụ thể 2. cơ sở hạ tầng - hệ thống cơ bản cần thiết cho một quốc gia hoặc tổ chức hoạt động thuận lợi 3. tái tạo - (của một nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên hoặc một nguồn năng lượng) mà không bao giờ được sử dụng hết 4. đô thị - liên quan đến thị trấn hoặc thành phố 5. hợp để sống được - phù hợp để sống 6. bền vững - có thể được sử dụng mà không gây tổn hại cho môi trường 7. quá tải - (của một nơi) chứa quá nhiều người hoặc vật 8. chất lượng cuộc sống -phúc lợi chung của cá nhân và xã hội
2. Complete the sentences with the right form of the words or phrases in 1.
2. Complete the sentences with the right form of the words or phrases in 1.
1. The main goal of ______ planning is providing a healthier environment for people living in the city. 2. The government needs to solve the pollution problems to make the city ______. 3. The country's ______ is in poor condition and needs to be upgraded. 4. Pollution and heavy traffic are common problems in ______ cities. 5. The original ______ of this island lived a very simple life. 6. The most common ______ sources of energy are the wind and sun. 7. Many researchers claim that yoga practice and physical activities can improve people's ______. 8. Farmers should use ______ methods to produce clean and healthy food.
Complete the sentences with the right form of the words or phrases in 1
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. The main goal of ||urban|| planning is providing a healthier environment for people living in the city. 2. The government needs to solve the pollution problems to make the city ||liveable||. 3. The country's ||infrastructure|| is in poor condition and needs to be upgraded. 4. Pollution and heavy traffic are common problems in ||overcrowded|| cities. 5. The original ||inhabitants|| of this island lived a very simple life. 6. The most common ||renewable|| sources of energy are the wind and sun. 7. Many researchers claim that yoga practice and physical activities can improve people's ||quality of life||. 8. Farmers should use ||sustainable|| methods to produce clean and healthy food.
Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. Mục tiêu chính của kế hoạch hóa đô thị là cung cấp một môi trường có lợi cho sức khỏe hơn cho người dân sống trong thành phố. 2. Chính phủ cần giải quyết vấn đề ô nhiễm để làm cho thành phố có thẻ sinh sống được. 3. Cơ sở hạ tầng của đất nước trong tình trạng tồi tệ và cần được nâng cấp. 4. Giao thông dày đặc và ô nhiễm là các vấn đề phổ biến ở các thành phố đông đúc. 5. Cư dân gốc ở hòn đảo này sống một cuộc sống rất đơn giản. 6. Nguồn năng lượng có thể tái tạo phổ biến nhất là gió và mặt trời. 7. Nhiều nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng luyện tập Yoga và các hoạt động thể chất có thể cải thiện chất lượng sống của một người. 8. Những người nông dân nên sử dụng các phương pháp bền vững để sản xuất thực phẩm sạch và an toàn.
PRONUNCIATION
Intonation: Question tags
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PRONUNCIATION
Intonation: Question tags (Ngữ điệu: Câu hỏi đuôi)
1. Listen and decide whether the question tags in B’s responses have a rising or falling intonation. Write R for rising intonation or F for falling intonation after the question tags.
1. Listen and decide whether the question tags in B’s responses have a rising or falling intonation. Mark ↗ (rising intonation) or ↘ (falling intonation) after the question tags.
1.
A: What a boring lecture!
B: Yes. It was dull, wasn't it?
2.
A: Please turn down the volume. It's too loud.
B: You don't like rock music, do you?
3.
A: I don't have any plans for tonight.
B: Let's go to the cinema, shall we?
4.
A: I believe people will have a better life in the future.
B: Yes. I agree. Life will be more enjoyable than it is today, won't it?
5.
A: Where can I put these flowers?
B: Put them near the window, will you?
Decide and mark ↗ (rising intonation) or ↘ (falling intonation) after the question tags.
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. A: What a boring lecture! B: Yes. It was dull, wasn’t it? ||(↘)|| 2. A: Please turn down the volume. It’s too loud. B: You don’t like rock music, do you? ||(↗)|| 3. A: I don’t have any plans for tonight. B: Let’s go to the cinema, shall we? ||(↗)|| 4. A: I believe people will have a better life in the future. B: Yes, I agree. Life will be more enjoyable than it is today, won’t it? ||(↘)|| 5. A: Where can I put these flowers? B: Put them near the window, will you? ||(↗)||
Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. A: Thật là một bài giảng buồn chán! B: Vâng. Nó ngu xuẩn, phải không? 2. A: Xin hãy giảm âm lượng. Ồn quá. B: Bạn không thích nhạc rock, đúng không? 3. A: Tôi không có kế hoạch cho tối nay. B: Chúng ta đi xem phim chứ? 4. A: Tôi tin rằng mọi người sẽ có cuộc sống tốt đẹp hơn trong tương lai. B: đúng vậy, tôi đồng ý. Cuộc sống sẽ thú vị hơn nhiều so với hiện nay, đúng không? 5. A: Tôi có thể đặt những bông hoa này ở đâu? B: Để chúng gần cửa sổ, được không?
2. Listen and repeat the exchanges in 1
2. Listen and repeat the exchanges in 1.
1. A: What a boring lecture! B: Yes. It was dull, wasn’t it? (↘) 2. A: Please turn down the volume. It’s too loud. B: You don’t like rock music, do you? (↗) 3. A: I don’t have any plans for tonight. B: Let’s go to the cinema, shall we? (↗) 4. A: I believe people will have a better life in the future. B: Yes, I agree. Life will be more enjoyable than it is today, won’t it? (↘) 5. A: Where can I put these flowers? B: Put them near the window, will you? (↗)
DO YOU KNOW?
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We use falling intonation on questions tags when we already know answer. The tag is not a real question.
Example:
(On a nice day) It's a beautiful day today, isn't it? (↘)
We use rising intonation when we really want to know something and are not sure of the answer. The tag is a real question.
Example:
I didn't watch the tennis match last night. Federer didn't lose, did he? (↗)
GRAMMAR
Question tags
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GRAMMAR
Question tags (Câu hỏi đuôi)
1. Match the question tags with the statements to make complete sentences.
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1. Match the question tags with the statements to make complete sentences.
1. You've seen that film,
2. I'm not disturbing you,
3. People will travel in solar - powered cars in the future,
4. You have never been to Europe,
5. The package has already arrived,
6. I think everyone's going to be there,
7. Don't stay up late at night,
8. There'll be no private transport in the future,
a. aren't they?
b. will you?
c. haven't you?
d. have you?
e. will there?
f. won't they?
g. hasn't it?
h. am I?
Match the question tags with the statements to make complete sentences
Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. You've seen that film, ||c. haven't you?|| 2. I'm not disturbing you, ||h. am I?|| 3. People will travel in solar - powered cars in the future, ||f. won't they?|| 4. You have never been to Europe, ||d. have you?|| 5. The package has already arrived, ||g. hasn't it?|| 6. I think everyone's going to be there, ||a. aren't they?|| 7. Don't stay up late at night, ||b. will you?|| 8. There'll be no private transport in the future, ||e. will there?||
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Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. Bạn đã xem bộ phim đó, phải không? 2. Tôi không làm phiền bạn, phải không? 3. Mọi người sẽ đi du lịch bằng xe ô tô năng lượng mặt trời trong tương lai, phải không? 4. Bạn chưa bao giờ đến Châu Âu, phải không? 5. Hành lý này đã đến, phải không? 6. Tôi nghĩ mọi người sẽ ở đó, phải không? 7. Đừng ở lại muộn vào ban đêm, được chứ? 8. Sẽ không có phương tiện vận tải riêng trong tương lai, phải không?
2. Complete the sentences with the correct question tags.
1. There's no milk in the fridge, ________? 2. You can drive a car, ________? 3. I believe nothing serious has happened, ________? 4. Please give me a hand, ________? 5. Let's review the lesson together, ________? 6. I think these are your papers, ________? 7. Somebody's just called my name, ________? 8. Jane has got no problems at work, ________?
2. Complete the sentences with the correct question tags.
Complete the sentences with the correct question tags.
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. There's no milk in the fridge, ||is there||? 2. You can drive a car, ||can't you||? 3. I believe nothing serious has happened, ||has it||? 4. Please give me a hand, ||will / would / could / won't you||? 5. Let's review the lesson together, ||shall we||? 6. I think these are your papers, ||aren't they||? 7. Somebody's just called my name, ||haven't they||? 8. Jane has got no problems at work, ||has she||?
Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. Không có sữa trong tủ lạnh, phải không? 2. Bạn có thể lái xe, đúng không? 3. Tôi tin rằng không có gì nghiêm trọng đã xảy ra, phải không? 4. Làm ơn hãy cho tôi một cánh tay, được chứ? 5. Chúng ta sẽ cùng nhau xem xét bài học này, được chứ? 6. Tôi nghĩ đây là giấy của bạn, phải không? 7. Ai đó chỉ gọi tên tôi thôi, đúng không? 8. Jane không có vấn đề gì trong công việc, phải không?
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*Question tags are short additions to statements. They are used to ask for agreement or to check whether something is true.
*General rules to follow:
- positive statements + negative tags - negative statements + positive tags
*Negative verb in the tags are usually contracted. The subject of the tag is always a pronoun.
DO YOU KNOW? (cont)
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Special cases
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Statement
Question tags
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Let's
shall we
Imperatives - positive
will/ would/could/ won't you
- negative
will you
Including negative word: no, never, little, hardly, etc.
positive verb + subject
Including words like these as a subject: - no one, nobody, anyone, someone, everyone, these, those, none, neither, etc.
verb + subject they
- nothing, something, verything, this, that
verb + subject it
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Examples:
- Let's clean up the room, shall we? - Pass me the dictionary, will/would/could/ won't you? - It's no use persuading him, is it?
Conditional sentences type 0
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GRAMMAR
Conditional sentences type 0 (Câu điều kiện loại 0)
3. Match the if - clauses with the result clauses.
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3. Match the if - clauses with the result clauses.
1. If you freeze water,
2. If you need help,
4. If you multiply 1 by 0,
6. If you've finished your work,
7. If you are going to school today,
8. If you try to mix oil and water,
a. you get 0
b. go home and take a rest.
c. don't hesitate to ask.
d. please pick me up on your way.
e. it turns to ice.
f. it turns off.
g. the oil goes to the top and the water to the bottom.
h. he usually goes to the gym.
5. If my father leaves work early on Saturday,
3. If you remove the battery from your cell phone,
Match the if - clauses with the result clauses
Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. If you freeze water, ||e. it turns to ice||. 2. If you need help, ||c. don't hesitate to ask||. 3. If you remove the battery from your cell phone, ||f. it turns off||. 4. If you multiply 1 by 0, ||a. you get 0||. 5. If my father leaves work early on Saturday, ||h. he usually goes to the gym||. 6. If you've finished your work, ||b. go home and take a rest||. 7. If you are going to school today, ||d. please pick me up on your way||. 8. If you try to mix oil and water, ||g. the oil goes to the top and the water to the bottom||.
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Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. Nếu bạn đóng băng nước, nó sẽ trở thành đá. 2. Nếu bạn cần giúp đỡ, đừng ngần ngại hỏi. 3. Nếu bạn tháo pin ra khỏi điện thoại di động, nó sẽ tắt. 4. Nếu bạn nhân 1 với 0, bạn sẽ được 0. 5. Nếu bố tôi đi làm vào sáng sớm thứ 7, bố thường đến phòng tập thể dục. 6. Nếu bạn đã hoàn thành công việc của mình, hãy về nhà và nghỉ ngơi. 7. Nếu hôm nay bạn đang đi học, hãy đón tôi trên đường bạn đi. 8. Nếu bạn cố trộn dầu với nước, dầu sẽ nổi lên trên và nước sẽ xuống dưới.
4. Combine the sentences or rewrite them to make conditional sentences. Decide whether to use type 0 or 1.
4. Combine the sentences or rewrite them to make conditional sentences. Decide whether to use type 0 or 1.
Examples:
You get to the airport early. Wait for me in the lounge.
=> If you get to the airport early, wait for me in the lounge. (type 0)
1. The baby is crying. He may be hungry. 2. You travel on a budget flight, so you have to pay for your drinks and food. 3. Whenever the weather is fine, I walk to work instead of driving. 4. People start using solar energy. There will be less pollution. 5. They usually play soccer when they have no homework. 6. You travel by train. It takes five hours to get to Nha Trang. 7. The government plans to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Our city will become a more liveable place.
Combine the sentences or rewrite them
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. The baby is crying. He may be hungry. => ||If the baby is crying, he may be hungry. / The baby may be hungry if he is crying. || ||(Type 1)|| 2. You travel on a budget flight, so you have to pay for your drinks and food. => ||If you travel on a budget flight, you have to pay for your drink and food. (type 0)|| 3. Whenever the weather is fine, I walk to work instead of driving. => ||If the weather is fine, I walk to work instead of driving. / I walk ... if the weather is fine. || ||(Type 0)|| 4. People start using solar energy. There will be less pollution. => ||If people start using more solar energy, there will be less pollution. (Type 1)||
Combine the sentences or rewrite them
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
5. They usually play soccer when they have no homework. => ||If they have no homework, they usually play soccer. (Type 0)|| 6. You travel by train. It takes five hours to get to Nha Trang. => ||If you travel by train, it takes five hours to get to Nha Trang. (Type 0)|| 7. The government plans to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Our city will become a more liveable place. => ||If the government reduces / manages to reduce the use of fossil fuels, our|| ||city will become a more liveable place. (Type 1)||
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Conditional sentences type 0 are used to talk about a scientific fact or something that is generally true. They often express habitual or automatic result. "If" can often be raplaced by "when".
Forms:
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If-clause
Main clause / Result clause
presen tenses
present simple imperative form
Example:
- If you heat ice, it melts - If unemployment is rising, people tend to stay in their current jobs. - If someone phones, please ask them to leave their message, name and number
THE END
Homework
- Summarize the main points of the lesson. - Do exercise in the workbook - Prepare: Lesson 3 - Reading
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Goodbye. See you again
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