UNIT 10. HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AND LONGEVITY. LESSON 2. LANGUAGE
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UNIT 10 - HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AND LONGEVITY
LESSON 2: LANGUAGE
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WRAM-UP
Objectives
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Objectives
*By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: - Use words and phrases related to healthy lifestyle and longevity - Pronunciation: Intonation: Invitations, suggestions, polite requests, uncertainty and surprise - Grammar: Reported speech with conditionals; Reported speech with to-infinitives and gerunds - Do the task in the text book
VOCABULARY
1. Complete the sentences with the right form of the words.
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1. Complete the sentences with the right form of the words.
1. We need some ______to help our skin, brain and other organs grow, but too much of it can cause health problems. 2. Each prepackaged food item should have a ______label that tells you what is inside the food you are eating and lists its parts. 3. People usually try ______for mild health problems such as colds and headaches. 4. Your body may not be able to fight infections naturally if your ______ in weakened. 5. Sleep, rest and relaxation can slow down the ______. 6. One of the most effective ways to keep your mind stress-free and healthy is ______. 7. ______ of people around the world has increases dramatically over the past years 8. You should exercise regularly and eat less salt and fat to ______ your health.
natural remedies life expectancy immune system boost (v) nutrition (n) aging process meditation (n) cholesterol (n)
Vietnamese meanings of words and phrases
Vietnamese meanings of words and phrases
immune system:
hệ thống miễn dịch
natural remedy (n):
liệu pháp tự nhiên
boost (v):
tăng
meditation (n):
thiền
life expectancy (n):
tuổi thọ
ageing process (n):
quá trình lão hóa
cholesterol (n):
chất béo gây xơ cứng động mạch
nutrition (n):
dinh dưỡng
Complete the sentences with the right form of the words
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. We need some ||cholesterol|| to help our skin, brain and other organs grow, but too much of it can cause health problems. 2. Each prepackaged food item should have a ||nutrition|| label that tells you what is inside the food you are eating and lists its parts. 3. People usually try ||natural remedies|| for mild health problems such as colds and headaches. 4. Your body may not be able to fight infections naturally if your ||immune system|| in weakened. 5. Sleep, rest and relaxation can slow down the ||ageing process||. 6. One of the most effective ways to keep your mind stress-free and healthy is ||meditation||. 7. ||Life expectancy|| of people around the world has increases dramatically over the past years 8. You should exercise regularly and eat less salt and fat to ||boost|| your health.
Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. Chúng ta cần cholesterol để giúp cho da và não và các bộ phận khác, nhưng quá nhiều chúng thì có thể dẫn đến các vấn đề sức khỏe. 2. Mỗi loại thực phẩm đóng gói nên có mác dinh dưỡng cho bạn biết có gì trong thực phẩm bạn đang ăn và thành phần của nó. 3. Mọi người thường thử các phương pháp chữa bệnh tự nhiên cho các bệnh nhẹ như cảm hoặc đau đầu. 4. Cơ thể của bạn có thể không chống lại việc nhiễm trùng một cách tự nhiên nếu hệ thống miễn dịch bị suy yếu. 5. Ngủ, nghỉ và thư giãn có thể làm chậm quá trình lão hóa. 6. Một trong những cách hiệu quả giữ cho đầu óc thanh thản và khỏe mạnh là thiền 7. Tuổi thọ của con người trên thế giới gia tăng đáng kể trong những năm gần đây. 8. Bạn nên tập thể dục thường xuyên và ăn ít muối và chất béo hơn để gia tăng sức khỏe.
2. Use a dictionary to check the meaning of the following adjectives formed with -free or anti-. Then write a short explanation of the phrases in the space provided. The first one is an example.
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2. Use a dictionary to check the meaning of the following adjectives formed with -free or anti-. Then write a short explanation of the phrases in the space provided. The first one is an example.
1. fat-free milk
2. stress-free lifestyle
3. cholesterol-free foods
4. anti-ageing foods
5. anti-acne diet
6. anti-cholesterol medicine
milk that does not contain fat
Use a dictionary to check the meaning of the following adjectives formed with -free or anti-
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. fat-free milk: ||sữa không béo|| 2. stress-free lifestyle: ||lối sống không căng thẳng|| 3. cholesterol-free foods: ||thức ăn không có cholesterol|| 4. anti-ageing foods: ||thức ăn chống lão hóa|| 5. anti-acne diet: ||chế độ ăn kiêng chống mụn trứng cá|| 6. anti-cholesterol medicine: ||thuốc chống cholesterol||
Write a short explanation of the phrases in the space provided.
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. fat-free milk: ||milk that does not contain fat|| 2. stress-free lifestyle: ||lifestyle that does not cause stress|| 3. cholesterol-free foods: ||foods that do not contain cholesterol|| 4. anti-ageing foods: ||foods that are believed to prevent the|| ||appearance from getting older|| 5. anti-acne diet: ||diet that prevent the formation of acne|| 6. anti-cholesterol medicine: ||medicine that lowers cholesterol levels|| ||or prevents high cholesterol||
PRONUNCIATION
Intonation: Invitations, suggestions, polite requests, uncertainty and surprise
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PRONUNCIATION
Intonation: Invitations, suggestions, polite requests, uncertainty and surprise (Ngữ điệu: Lời mời, đề xuất, yêu cầu lịch sự, sự không chắc chắn và bất ngờ)
1. Listen and repeat. Pay attention to the fall-rise intonation. (/)
1. Another drink? 2. You’re thirty years old? You look a lot younger. 3. I’m not sure. 4. Could you explain that again, please? 5. Now, let me think…
1. Listen and repeat. Pay attention to the fall-rise intonation. (↗)
Repeat and pay attention to the fall-rise intonation. (↗)
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. Another drink? ||(invitation / suggestion)|| 2. You’re thirty years old? You look a lot younger. ||(surprise)|| 3. I’m not sure. ||(uncertainty)|| 4. Could you explain that again, please? ||(polite request)|| 5. Now, let me think… ||(hesitation)||
2. Listen and mark (↗) (fall-rise intonation). Then practise with a partner.
2. Listen and mark (↗) (f - r intonation). Then practise with a partner.
1.
A: Will you do me a favour?
B: Sure. What can I do for you?
2.
A: I think acupuncture can reduce your pain.
B: Really?
3.
A: Would you like another cup of tea?
B: No, thanks. I’ve had enough.
4.
A: What do you think about natural remedies?
B: Um… they might be effective…
5.
A: Fast food is not good for your health. Try not to eat too much of it.
B: OK, I’ll try.
6.
A: Mr Brown, did you hear the news? What do you think about the project to build a new airport in our neighbourhood?
B: Well, let me collect my thoughts…
Listen and mark (↗) (fall-rise intonation)
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. A: Will you do me a favour? ||(↗)|| B: Sure. What can I do for you? ||(↗)|| 2. A: I think acupuncture can reduce your pain. B: Really? ||(↗)|| 3. A: Would you like another cup of tea? ||(↗)|| B: No, thanks. I’ve had enough. 4. A: What do you think about natural remedies? B: Um … They might be eff ective … ||(↗)|| 5. A: Fast food is not good for your health. Try not to eat too much of it. B: OK, I’ll try. ||(↗)|| 6. A: Mr Brown, did you hear the news? What do you think about the project to build a new airport in our neighbourhood? B: Well, let me collect my thoughts … ||(↗)||
Practise the conversation with a partner.
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1. A: Will you do me a favour? (↗) B: Sure. What can I do for you? (↗) 2. A: I think acupuncture can reduce your pain. B: Really? (↗) 3. A: Would you like another cup of tea? (↗) B: No, thanks. I’ve had enough. 4. A: What do you think about natural remedies? B: Um … They might be eff ective … (↗) 5. A: Fast food is not good for your health. Try not to eat too much of it. B: OK, I’ll try. (↗) 6. A: Mr Brown, did you hear the news? What do you think about the project to build a new airport in our neighbourhood? B: Well, let me collect my thoughts … (↗)
Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. A: Bạn sẽ làm gì đó cho tôi chứ? B: Chắc chắn. Tôi có thể làm gì cho bạn? 2. A: Tôi nghĩ rằng châm cứu có thể làm giảm đau cho bạn. B: Thật sao? 3. A: Bạn có muốn một tách trà nữa không? B: Không, cảm ơn. Tôi đã có đủ rồi. 4. A: Bạn nghĩ gì về các phương thuốc tự nhiên? B: Um ... Chúng có thể có hiệu quả ... 5. A: Thức ăn nhanh không tốt cho sức khoẻ của bạn. Cố gắng đừng ăn quá nhiều. B: OK, tôi sẽ thử. 6. A: Ông Brown, ông đã nghe tin tức chưa? Ông nghĩ gì về dự án để xây dựng một sân bay mới trong khu phố của chúng ta? B: À, để tôi suy nghĩ một chút ...
DO YOU KNOW?
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We use fall-rise intonation when we are uncertain or can't really answer a question, but try to be as helpful as possible. The fall-rise can also suggest that there is more to be said.
Example:
- I'm not sure. (↗) - I can give you some advice. (↗)
We can use rising or fall-rise intonation with questions, for example, to request information, make suggestions, or invite someone to do something or have something. The fall-rise intoantion sounds friendlier and more polite.
Example:
- Is this your phone? (↗) - Would you like more tea? (↗)
GRAMMAR
Conditionals in reported speech
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GRAMMAR
Conditionals in reported speech (Điều kiện ở thể gián tiếp)
1. Read the statements in direct speech. Decide if it is necessary to change the verb tenses in reported speech after reporting verbs in the past tense. Write C (changed) or U (unchanged) in the spacc provided.
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1. Read the statements in direct speech. Decide if it is necessary to change the verb tenses in reported speech after reporting verbs in the past tense. Write C (changed) or U (unchanged) in the space provided.
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1. If I drink coffee before bedtime, I can’t sleep.
2. You will boost your immune system if you have a healthy lifestyle.
3. It would be nice if you could spend more time with the children.
4. If Ann called me back, I’d arrange an appointment for her.
5. If you travel to a foreign country, you need a valid passport.
6. If you catch a cold, you should try natural remedies before talking any medicine.
7. If I were rich, I’d donate money to charity.
8. Mary will recover quickly if she follows the doctor’s advice.
Decide and write C (changed) or U (unchanged) in the space provided.
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. If I drink coffee before bedtime, I can’t sleep. ||(C/U)|| 2. You will boost your immune system if you have a healthy lifestyle. ||(C/U)|| 3. It would be nice if you could spend more time with the children. ||(U)|| 4. If Ann called me back, I’d arrange an appointment for her. ||(U)|| 5. If you travel to a foreign country, you need a valid passport. ||(U)|| 6. If you catch a cold, you should try natural remedies before talking any medicine. ||(U)|| 7. If I were rich, I’d donate money to charity. ||(U)|| 8. Mary will recover quickly if she follows the doctor’s advice. ||(C/U)||
Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. Nếu tôi uống cà phê trước khi đi ngủ, tôi không thể ngủ được. 2. Bạn sẽ tăng cường hệ miễn dịch nếu bạn có lối sống lành mạnh. 3. Sẽ tốt hơn nếu bạn có thể dành nhiều thời gian hơn cho các em. 4. Nếu Ann gọi lại cho tôi, tôi sẽ sắp xếp một cuộc hẹn với cô ấy. 5. Nếu bạn đi du lịch nước ngoài, bạn cần hộ chiếu hợp lệ. 6. Nếu bạn bị cảm lạnh, bạn nên thử các biện pháp tự nhiên trước khi dùng bất kỳ loại thuốc nào. 7. Nếu tôi giàu có, tôi sẽ quyên góp tiền từ thiện. 8. Mary sẽ hồi phục nhanh nếu cô ấy theo lời khuyên của bác sĩ.
2. Report each statement in 1. Make all possible changes.
2. Report each statement in 1. Make all possible changes.
1. I told him ____________________________________ _____________________________________________. 2. Dr Quan said _________________________________ _____________________________________________. 3. John’s wife told him ___________________________ _____________________________________________. 4. Peter explained to us __________________________ _____________________________________________. 5. The travel agent explained to us ________________ _____________________________________________. 6. My grandmother keeps telling us _______________ _____________________________________________. 7. John told me _________________________________ _____________________________________________. 8. Mary’s father said _____________________________ _____________________________________________.
Report each statement in 1. Make all possible changes.
Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. I told him ||(that) if I drank coffee before bedtime, I couldn't sleep. (C)|| ||I told him (that) if I drink coffee before bedtime, I can't sleep. (U)|| 2. Dr Quan said ||(that) we'd boost our immune system if we had a|| ||healthy lifestyle. (C)|| ||Dr Quan said (that) we will boost our immune system if we have|| ||a healthy lifestyle.(U)|| 3. John's wife told him ||(that) it would be nice if he could spend more|| ||time with the children. (U)|| 4. Peter explained to us ||(that) if Ann called him back, he'd arrange an|| ||appointment for her. (U)||
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Report each statement in 1. Make all possible changes.
Bài tập kéo thả chữ
5. The travel agent explained to us ||(that) if we travel to a foreign|| ||country, we need a valid passport. (U)|| 6. My grandmother keeps telling us ||(that) if we catch a cold, we|| ||should try natural remedies before taking any medicine. (U)|| 7. John told me ||(that) if he were rich, he'd donate money to charity. (U)|| 8. Mary's father said ||(that) Mary / she would recover quickly if she|| ||followed the doctor's advice. (C)|| ||Mary's father said (that) Mary / she w ill recover quickly if she follows|| ||the doctor's advice. (U)||
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When we use reporting verbs in the present, verb tenses in conditional sentences remain unchanged in reported speech.
When we use reporting verbs in the past, we follow these general rules:
Type 0
unchanged (simple fact or general truth)
Type 1
- unchanged (if reported simultaneously or still true) - becomes type 2 (if the reported statement is out-of-date)
Type 2
usually unchanged (if the reported statement is still true)
Direct speech
Reported speech
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Examples
"Flowers die if they don't get any water." (type 0)
⇒ He said flowers die if they don't get any water.
"If you miss the bus, you'll be late for school." (type 1)
⇒ My mother said if I miss the bus, I'll be late for school. ⇒ My mother said if I missed the bus, I’d be late for school. (The reported statement is outof-date; he was probably late for school.)
"If I lost my job, I could be in trouble." (type 2)
⇒ Jane’s father said if she lost her job, she could be in trouble. (The reported statement is still true; Jane could be in trouble.)
Reported speech with to-infinitives and gerunds.
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GRAMMAR
Reported speech with to-infinitives and gerunds. (Câu tường thuật với động từ nguyên thể và danh động từ)
3. Write the sentences in reported speech, using the reporting verbs in brackets.
3. Write the sentences in reported speech, using the reporting verbs in brackets.
1. Jack’s father: 'You shouldn’t eat fast food every day'. (advised) 2. Ann: ‘Can you do the dishes for me, Kim?’ (asked) 3. The doctor: ‘ You must do a 30-minute workout every day.’ (told) 4. Mai: 'Would you like to go out for a coffee, Peter?’ (invited) 5. Phong: ‘I broke your glasses. I’m sorry’ (apologised) 6. Hoa: ‘Don’t forget to buy some groceries on the way home, Lan’ (reminded) 7. Carol : ‘Let’s enrol on a yoga course’. (suggested) 8. John and Max: ‘Yes, We forgot to submit the assignments yesterday’. (admitted)
Write the sentences in reported speech, using the reporting verbs in brackets.
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
1. Jack’s father: 'You shouldn’t eat fast food every day'. (advised) => ||Jack’s father advised him not to eat fast food every day.|| 2. Ann: ‘Can you do the dishes for me, Kim?’ (asked) => ||Ann asked Kim to do the dishes for her.|| 3. The doctor: ‘ You must do a 30-minute workout every day.’ (told) => ||The doctor told me to do a 30-minute workout every day.|| 4. Mai: 'Would you like to go out for a coffee, Peter?’ (invited) => ||Mai invited Peter to go out for a coffee.||
Write the sentences in reported speech, using the reporting verbs in brackets.
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
5. Phong: ‘I broke your glasses. I’m sorry’ (apologised) => ||Phong apologized for breaking my glasses.|| 6. Hoa: ‘Don’t forget to buy some groceries on the way home, Lan’ (reminded) => ||Hoa reminded Lan to buy some groceries on the way home.|| 7. Carol : ‘Let’s enrol on a yoga course’. (suggested) => ||Carol suggested enrolling on a yoga course.|| 8. John and Max: ‘Yes, We forgot to submit the assignments yesterday’. (admitted) => ||John and Max admitted forgetting to submit the assignments the day before. ||
Translate the sentences
Translate the sentences
1. Cha của Jack: 'Con không nên ăn thức ăn nhanh hàng ngày' ⇒ Cha của Jack khuyên anh không nên ăn thức ăn nhanh hàng ngày. 2. Ann: 'Cậu có thể làm món ăn cho tôi, Kim?' ⇒ Ann nhờ Kim làm các món ăn cho cô. 3. Bác sĩ: 'Bạn phải tập luyện 30 phút mỗi ngày' ⇒ Bác sĩ bảo tôi tập luyện 30 phút mỗi ngày. 4. Mai: 'Bạn có muốn đi uống cà phê không, Peter?' ⇒ Mai mời Peter đi uống cà phê. 5. Phong: "Tôi đã làm vỡ kính của bạn. Tôi xin lỗi''. ⇒ Phong xin lỗi vì đã làm vỡ kính của tôi. 6. Hoa: 'Đừng quên mua một ít đồ tạp hóa trên đường về nhà, Lan' ⇒ Hoa nhắc Lan mua một ít đồ tạp hoá trên đường về nhà. 7. Carol: 'Hãy ghi danh vào một khóa học yoga' ⇒ Carol đề nghị ghi danh vào một khóa học yoga. 8. John và Max: "Vâng. Chúng tôi đã quên gửi bài tập hôm qua'' ⇒ John và Max thừa nhận đã quên gửi các bài tập vào ngày hôm trước.
4. Change the sentences in reported speech into direct speech.
4. Change the sentences in reported speech into direct speech.
Example:
1. Ha’s father promised to pay for her holiday in Singapore if she passed her English test.
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=> 'I'll pay for your holiday in Singapore if you pass your English test, Ha'
Change the sentences in reported speech into direct speech.
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2. Kim’s mother reminded her to turn off the lights before leaving the house.
=> “Kim, don’t forget to turn off the lights before leaving the house.” Or: “Kim, remember to turn off the lights before leaving the house.”
3. The doctor advised Mr Wilson not to exercise too hard because it was not good for his heart.
=> “You shouldn’t exercise too hard because it’s not good for your heart.”
4. Van's friend suggested having a picnic the following weekend.
=> “Let’s have a picnic next weekend.” Or: “Why don’t we have a picnic next weekend?”
5. The security guard warned the children not to play near the construction site.
=> “Don’t play near the construction site.”
Change the sentences in reported speech into direct speech.
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Bài tập kéo thả chữ
5. The security guard warned the children not to play near the construction site. => ||“Don’t play near the construction site.”|| 6. Mai invited me to spend my summer holidays on her grandparents’ farm. => ||“Would you like to spend your summer holidays on my grandparents’ farm?”|| 7. Her assistant apologised for making lots of mistakes in the report. => ||"I'm sorry. I've made lots of mistakes in the report."|| ||Or: " I'm sorry for making lots of mistakes in the report.|| 8. Denise admitted taking her father's car without permission. => ||“Yes. I took my father’s car without permission.” ||
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When we report actions such as agreements, promises, orders, offers, requests, advice, apologies, or suggestions, we usually use a to-infinitive or -ing clause
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Forms:
Report verbs
Report speech
ask, advice, invite, order, remind, tell, warn
object + to-infinitive
agree, offer, promise, refuse, threaten
+ to-infinitive
admit, apologise for, insist on, suggest
+ -ing form
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* Examples
"You should drive slowly."
=> He advised me to drive slowly.
"I won't be late again."
=> "I won't be late again."
"Shall we go to a movie?"
=> He suggested going to the cinema.
THE END
Homework
- Summarize the main points of the lesson. - Redo the task in the textbook - Do exercise in the workbook - Prepare: Lesson 3 - Reading
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Goodbye
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Goodbye. See you again
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